/* ==========================================================================
   Design System & Custom Properties
   ========================================================================== */
:root {
  /* Editorial Color Palette (Cream Paper / Charcoal Ink / Burgundy Crimson) */
  --bg-paper: #fdfbf7;
  --bg-panel: #f5eedf;
  --bg-card: #f9f4e9;
  --text-ink: #1a1a1a;
  --text-lead: #3a3a3a;
  --text-meta: #5e574f;
  
  --accent-burgundy: #801010; /* High contrast burgundy */
  --accent-slate: #2c3539;     /* Deep slate gray */
  --border-dark: #1a1a1a;
  --border-mid: #d6ccbe;
  --border-light: #e6dfd3;

  /* Typography */
  --font-serif: Georgia, Garamond, Baskerville, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
  --font-sans: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Menlo, Courier, monospace;

  /* Layout */
  --max-width-content: 68ch;
  --max-width-layout: 1140px;
  
  --transition-smooth: 0.15s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Base Resets & Global Layout
   ========================================================================== */
*, *::before, *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

html {
  font-size: 16px;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  background-color: var(--bg-paper);
  color: var(--text-ink);
  line-height: 1.65;
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  position: relative;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: 1rem;
  top: -3rem;
  background: var(--border-dark);
  color: var(--bg-paper);
  padding: 0.7rem 0.95rem;
  z-index: 30;
  font-weight: 700;
  border: none;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  top: 1rem;
}

/* Background grid styling resembling drafting paper watermarks */
.editorial-bg-grid {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  z-index: -1;
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 0.25;
  background-image: 
    linear-gradient(to right, var(--border-light) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--border-light) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 40px 40px;
  mask-image: radial-gradient(circle at 50% 30%, black, transparent 85%);
  -webkit-mask-image: radial-gradient(circle at 50% 30%, black, transparent 85%);
}

/* Base link designs */
a {
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(128, 16, 16, 0.15);
  transition: border-bottom-color var(--transition-smooth), color var(--transition-smooth);
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--text-ink);
  border-bottom-color: var(--border-dark);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Masthead Header Styling
   ========================================================================== */
.masthead {
  max-width: var(--max-width-layout);
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 1.5rem 2rem 0 2rem;
}

.masthead-top {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.masthead-top-left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.masthead-meta-label {
  font-weight: 500;
}

.masthead-meta-value {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-lead);
}

.masthead-separator {
  opacity: 0.3;
}

.status-indicator {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.status-dot {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  background-color: #0c7538;
  border-radius: 50%;
  margin-right: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 6px rgba(12, 117, 56, 0.6);
  animation: status-pulse 2s infinite ease-in-out;
}

@keyframes status-pulse {
  0%, 100% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); }
  50% { opacity: 0.4; transform: scale(0.95); }
}

.status-text {
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--text-lead);
}

.masthead-brand {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 2.5rem 1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
}

.masthead-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 4rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  line-height: 1;
  margin: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.masthead-title a {
  color: var(--text-ink);
  border: none;
}

.masthead-subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: clamp(0.75rem, 2vw, 0.85rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0 0;
}

.masthead-nav {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-dark);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding: 0.75rem 0;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.nav-wrapper {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 3rem;
}

.nav-item {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  border: none;
  padding: 0.25rem 0;
  position: relative;
}

.nav-item:hover, .nav-item.active {
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
}

.nav-item.active::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -0.75rem;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  background-color: var(--accent-burgundy);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Main Content Layout & Typography
   ========================================================================== */
.main-content {
  flex: 1;
  max-width: var(--max-width-layout);
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 3rem 2rem;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Homepage Grid & Lead Dispatch Styles
   ========================================================================== */
.homepage-layout {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.journal-intro {
  max-width: var(--max-width-content);
  margin: 0 auto 2.5rem auto;
  text-align: center;
}

.journal-intro-copy {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--text-lead);
}

.journal-intro-copy p + p {
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.lead-dispatch {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-dark);
  padding: 1rem 0 3.5rem 0;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
  max-width: var(--max-width-content);
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  text-align: center;
}

.dispatch-tag {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.lead-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 2.75rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.lead-title a {
  color: var(--text-ink);
  border: none;
}

.lead-title a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
}

.dispatch-meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.meta-separator {
  margin: 0 0.5rem;
}

.lead-summary {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2.5vw, 1.25rem);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  margin: 0 auto 2rem auto;
  max-width: 60ch;
}

.dispatch-link {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-burgundy);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  transition: color var(--transition-smooth), border-bottom-color var(--transition-smooth);
}

.dispatch-link:hover {
  color: var(--text-ink);
  border-bottom-color: var(--border-dark);
}

/* Two-Column Layout */
.editorial-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.7fr 1fr;
  gap: 4.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-top: 3rem;
}

.dispatch-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

@media (min-width: 901px) {
  .dispatch-list {
    border-right: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
    padding-right: 4rem;
  }
}

.column-title {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-dark);
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.dispatch-card {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
  padding-bottom: 2.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.dispatch-card:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
  padding-bottom: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.dispatch-card-meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.dispatch-card-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 1.75rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.dispatch-card-title a {
  color: var(--text-ink);
  border: none;
}

.dispatch-card-title a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
}

.dispatch-card-summary {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem 0;
}

.dispatch-card-footer {
  display: block;
}

.no-dispatches {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--text-meta);
}

/* Editorial Sidebar Styling */
.editorial-sidebar {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2.5rem;
}

.sidebar-block {
  background-color: var(--bg-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding: 1.75rem;
}

.sidebar-title {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-dark);
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem 0;
}

.sidebar-block p {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.sidebar-block p strong {
  color: var(--text-ink);
}

.sidebar-block p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Bandwidth equation cards inside sidebar */
.formulas-subtitle {
  font-size: 0.8rem !important;
  color: var(--text-meta) !important;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
}

.formula-item {
  border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--border-mid);
  padding-bottom: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.formula-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
  padding-bottom: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.formula-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.formula-label {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-ink);
}

.formula-code {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
  background-color: var(--bg-panel);
  padding: 0.15rem 0.4rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  border-radius: 2px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.formula-desc {
  font-size: 0.8rem !important;
  color: var(--text-meta) !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
}

/* System metrics tables */
.metrics-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.metrics-table th, .metrics-table td {
  padding: 0.6rem 0;
  text-align: left;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
}

.metrics-table tr:last-child th, .metrics-table tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.metrics-table th {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-meta);
}

.metrics-table td {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  text-align: right;
  color: var(--text-ink);
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   List Layout Pages (e.g. /posts/)
   ========================================================================== */
.list-layout {
  max-width: var(--max-width-content);
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.list-header {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.list-badge {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.list-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.list-description {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.list-intro-content {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
  border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--border-mid);
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
}

.list-items {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 3.5rem;
}

.list-item {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
  padding-bottom: 3rem;
}

.list-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.list-item-meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.list-item-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3.5vw, 2rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.list-item-title a {
  color: var(--text-ink);
  border: none;
}

.list-item-title a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
}

.list-item-summary {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem 0;
}

.list-item-footer {
  display: block;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Single Post Detail Layout
   ========================================================================== */
.single-article {
  max-width: var(--max-width-content);
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.article-header {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
}

.article-meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.article-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.25rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.15;
  margin: 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--text-ink);
}

.article-description {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 3vw, 1.35rem);
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  margin: 1.25rem 0 0 0;
  font-style: italic;
}

.article-content {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: var(--text-ink);
}

.article-content p {
  margin: 0 0 1.75rem 0;
}

.article-content strong {
  color: #000;
}

.article-content h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
  margin: 3.5rem 0 1.25rem 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-dark);
  padding-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.article-content h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-ink);
  margin: 2.5rem 0 1rem 0;
}

.article-content ul, .article-content ol {
  margin: 0 0 1.75rem 0;
  padding-left: 1.75rem;
}

.article-content li {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.article-content blockquote {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-burgundy);
  margin: 2.5rem 0;
  padding: 0.5rem 0 0.5rem 1.5rem;
  color: var(--text-lead);
}

.article-content code {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.85em;
  background-color: var(--bg-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding: 0.15rem 0.35rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
  color: var(--text-ink);
}

.article-content pre {
  background-color: var(--bg-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding: 1.25rem;
  margin: 0 0 1.75rem 0;
  overflow-x: auto;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.article-content pre code {
  background: none;
  border: none;
  padding: 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: inherit;
}

.article-content table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin: 2.5rem 0;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.article-content th, .article-content td {
  border: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding: 0.75rem;
  text-align: left;
}

.article-content th {
  background-color: var(--bg-panel);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.article-content tr:nth-child(even) {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.015);
}

/* Page navigation for single posts */
.article-footer {
  margin-top: 5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-top: 2.5rem;
}

.article-nav {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.nav-prev, .nav-next {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.nav-next {
  align-items: flex-end;
  text-align: right;
}

.nav-label {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.nav-prev .nav-link, .nav-next .nav-link {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-ink);
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.nav-prev .nav-link:hover, .nav-next .nav-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
}

/* Page Layout specific adjustments (About, Contact) */
.page-layout .article-content {
  font-family: var(--font-sans); /* Clean editorial sans-serif */
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.page-layout .article-content p {
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.page-layout .article-content strong {
  color: var(--text-ink);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Footer Styling
   ========================================================================== */
.journal-footer {
  background-color: var(--bg-panel);
  border-top: 2px solid var(--border-dark);
  padding: 4rem 2rem 2.5rem 2rem;
  margin-top: 6rem;
}

.footer-grid {
  max-width: var(--max-width-layout);
  margin: 0 auto 3rem auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1.2fr;
  gap: 4rem;
}

.footer-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.footer-logo {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.footer-description {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin: 0;
}

.footer-heading {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--text-ink);
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.footer-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.footer-links a {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-lead);
  border: none;
}

.footer-links a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-burgundy);
}

.footer-meta-item {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
  color: var(--text-lead);
}

.footer-meta-item strong {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-meta);
}

.footer-bottom {
  max-width: var(--max-width-layout);
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.footer-bottom .copyright {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--text-meta);
  margin: 0;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Responsive Breakpoints & Print Overrides
   ========================================================================== */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .editorial-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 3.5rem;
  }
  
  .dispatch-list {
    border-right: none;
    padding-right: 0;
  }
  
  .footer-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2.5rem;
  }
  
  .nav-wrapper {
    gap: 2rem;
  }
  
  .main-content {
    padding: 2.5rem 1.5rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .masthead {
    padding: 1rem 1rem 0 1rem;
  }
  
  .masthead-top {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
  }
  
  .nav-wrapper {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.25rem;
  }
  
  .article-nav {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }
  
  .nav-next {
    align-items: flex-start;
    text-align: left;
  }
  
  .masthead-brand {
    padding: 1.75rem 0.5rem;
  }
  
  .masthead-nav {
    padding: 0.6rem 0;
  }
}

/* High Contrast & Print Optimization */
@media print {
  body {
    background: #fff;
    color: #000;
  }
  
  .editorial-bg-grid, .editorial-sidebar, .status-indicator, .article-footer, .journal-footer {
    display: none !important;
  }
  
  .main-content {
    padding: 0;
  }
  
  .single-article {
    max-width: 100%;
  }
  
  .article-title {
    font-size: 28pt;
  }
  
  .article-content {
    font-size: 12pt;
    line-height: 1.6;
  }
}